On construction sites, agricultural land, archaeological sites often there is a need to divert excess water. It is impossible to do this without special equipment. Self-priming centrifugal pumps - motor pumps - are suitable for these purposes. They can also be used to drain ponds and extinguish fires.
Design and selection criteria
The main components of a motor pump are a motor and a pump. Both that, and another can differ in power, productivity, range of working temperatures. They are enclosed in a common housing made of a metal profile. Equipment must be selected taking into account:
- the depth of the water or the height of the jet;
- operating conditions, the scope of the tasks;
- the presence and size of foreign fractions.
The most powerful are motor pumps designed to extinguish fires. They are able to pump a large amount of water for an hour, do not need preliminary refueling. Extraneous inclusions are always in the pumped liquid. It can be sand or other solid fractions. On sale there are motor pumps for lightly contaminated and dirty water. The first cope with dispersed particles with a diameter of up to 6 mm, the second - up to 30 mm.
Important! During operation of the pump, a number of requirements must be observed. Manufacturers recommend placing equipment in the closest proximity to the water intake point. Hose bending must not be allowed: every turn will reduce the productivity and height of the water jet.
Features of the use of equipment
Gasoline motor pumps are characterized by reliability, ease of operation, ability to withstand a wide range of temperatures. But because of the high cost of fuel, they are recommended for periodic or short-term work. These include the drainage of basements, well shafts, etc. It is allowed to use equipment of this group for watering plants, filling pools and small ponds.
Diesel motor pumps are characterized by high performance. They are able to work for a long time without breakdowns, withstand critical loads. Their experts recommend for large construction sites, use in agriculture and production facilities. This will help reduce cash costs for maintenance and repair.
High-pressure pumps have not only high performance. Their design allows you to pump water in two directions: vertical and horizontal, which significantly expands the range of operations. The high power of the equipment makes it possible to transmit a water stream to a distance of several meters. It can be installed near a well or an open reservoir.
If the liquid contains impurities, do not use a normal water pump. A mud model is suitable here. It is distinguished by enlarged outlet openings, passing solid large fractions through itself without the risk of clogging. The design of such equipment provides powerful four-stroke power units and additional cooling systems. This prevents overheating and failure of the motor in the process of performing complex tasks.
